📂Writing

Increasing Line Spacing in LaTeX

Code

$$
\begin{vmatrix}
\dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial \theta}
\\[1em] \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial \theta}
\end{vmatrix}
$$

$$ \begin{align*} \begin{vmatrix} \frac{ \partial x}{ \partial r} & \frac{ \partial x}{ \partial \theta} \\ \frac{ \partial y}{ \partial r} & \frac{ \partial y}{ \partial \theta} \end{vmatrix} && \begin{vmatrix} \dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial \theta} \\ \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial \theta} \end{vmatrix} && \begin{vmatrix} \dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial \theta} \\[1em] \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial \theta} \end{vmatrix} && \begin{vmatrix} \dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial \theta} \\[1pt] \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial \theta} \end{vmatrix} && \begin{vmatrix} \dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial x}{ \partial \theta} \\[1ex] \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial r} & \dfrac{ \partial y}{ \partial \theta} \end{vmatrix} \\ \text{frac \& no margin} && \text{dfrac \& no margin} && \text{dfrac \& [1em]} && \text{dfrac \& [1pt]} && \text{dfrac \& [1ex]} \end{align*} $$

When the space above and below a matrix containing fractions is too narrow, causing the equations to overlap, using \\[1em], \\[1pt], \\[1ex] instead of \\ can increase the spacing. This can be applied not only within matrices but also in any place where line breaks are used. The ratio of each unit length applied in $\KaTeX$ is as follows¹.

KaTeX Unit	Value	KaTeX Unit	Value
em	CSS em	bp	1/72​ inch × F × G
ex	CSS ex	pc	12 KaTeX pt
mu	1/18 CSS em	dd	1238/1157​ KaTeX pt
pt	1/72.27 inch × F × G	cc	14856/1157 KaTeX pt
mm	1 mm × F × G	nd	685/642 KaTeX pt
cm	1 cm × F × G	nc	1370/107​ KaTeX pt
in	1 inch × F × G	sp	1/65536 KaTeX pt