Embeddings in Mathematics, Insertion Mappings 📂Banach Space

Embeddings in Mathematics, Insertion Mappings

imbedding and embedding mean the same thing.
Embedding is translated as insertion, embedding, incorporating, burying, etc.

Definition¹

Let $(X, \left\| \cdot \right\|_{X}), (Y, \left\| \cdot \right\|_{Y})$ be a normed space. If the following two conditions are satisfied for $X$ and $Y$ , then $X$ is said to be embedded into $Y$ , and $I : X \to Y$ is called the embedding.

$X$ is a subspace of $Y$ .
For all $x \in X$ , the identity operator $I : X \to Y$ defined by $Ix = x$ is continuous.

Explanation

Since the identity operator is linear, the second condition is equivalent to $I$ being bounded. Thus, it can be rewritten as follows.

$\exists M \gt 0 \text{ such that } \left\| Ix \right\|_{{Y}} \le M \left\| x \right\|_{X},\quad x \in X$

If the embedding operator $I$ is compact, then $X$ is said to be compactly embedded into $Y$ .

$f : X \to Y$ being an isometric embedding means that $f : X \to f(X)$ is an isometric mapping. By Theorem 2, it can be known that every metric space can be isometrically embedded into a complete metric space. That is, every metric space can be treated as a subset of a complete metric space.

Theorems

Theorem 1

Let $X, Y$ be a metric space. Let $f : X \to Y$ be an isometric mapping. Then, $f$ is an embedding.

Theorem 2

Let $(X, d_{X})$ be a metric space. Let $(Y,d_{Y})$ be a complete metric space. Then, an isometric embedding $f : X \to Y$ exists.